The Parisian club has now claimed the season-opening cup on fourteen separate times.
The Parisian giants needed a stoppage-time leveler followed by a perfect spot-kick decider to get past their arch-rivals in the Gulf and capture a record-extending fourth consecutive Trophee des Champions title.
The European champions appeared to be sailing towards a straightforward triumph in the showdown featuring the French league winners and the French Cup holders after the French winger opened the scoring in the opening stages.
However, the southern French side struck two times late to seize a shock lead. Initially, Mason Greenwood scored from the spot-kick, before Willian Pacho inadvertently directed the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a breathtaking turn of fortune, Goncalo Ramos snatched a crucial equaliser in the final moments to send the contest into a deciding shootout. PSG goalkeeper Chevalier then stood as the hero, saving crucial attempts from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
In the shootout, Ramos, the midfielder, the full-back, and Desire Doue all converted with composure for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a convincing shootout win.
Now 14-time champions PSG, who met last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Marseille after achieving a league and cup double, have now won this trophy for the twelfth time in the last 13 seasons.